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Ačkoli mají úhoři skrývající se v hloubkách kanálů, řek a oceánů těžko pochopitelný způsob života, je jich pořád dost k ulovení.
Nikdo by neměl mít problém poznat kroutícího se, hadu podobného úhoře říčního – však se mu také mezi rybáři říká „had“. Má dlouhé, slizem pokryté hadovité tělo a velkou tlamu s přečnívající dolní čelistí a mnoha malými zoubky. Ploutve se pozměnily, hřbetní a řitní tvoří souvislý pás kolem ocasu. Jen malé prsní ploutve jsou podobné prsním ploutvím „normálních“ ryb.
Dospělí úhoři jsou různě velcí. Samice jsou větší než samci a dorůstají do délky přes 1 m – samci dorostou jen do poloviny této délky. Rostou pomalu a v řekách žijí až dvanáct let, než dosáhnou pohlavní zralosti a jsou připraveni k migraci (ačkoliv někteří nikdy nemigrují, pokud jsou uzavřeni ve svém sladkovodním domově).
Pro mnoho rybářů představují nepříjemnost, protože jim při své snaze osvobodit se zamotávají vlasce a navíc všechno pokryjí slizem – ale pro jim věrné rybáře představují vzrušující výzvu.
Úhoř je noční dravec a sběrač a při lovu kořisti používá svůj znamenitý čich a celkem dobrý zrak. Nijak si nevybírá, živí se většinou rybkami, sladkovodními korýši a šneky. V zatopených štěrkovištích a řekách úhoři ryjící na dně často poničí trdliště jiných ryb.
Nejpodivuhodnější vlastností tohoto hada je jeho zvláštní životní cyklus. Ve sladké vodě se dospělý úhoř mění ze žluté barvy do stříbrné v době dosažení pohlavní zralosti. Hlava se zašpičaťuje, jak úhoř přestává přijímat potravu – ryba si ukládá do zásoby velké množství tuku, který jí vydrží během dlouhého putování – a oči se zvětšují, aby byl připraven přizpůsobit se životu v oceánu.
Úhoři jsou tak připraveni na dlouhou cestu, která může trvat až tři roky. Některé úseky budou překonávat i po souši. Mimo vodu přežívají déle než většina ryb, protože uzavřou své malé žábry a dodávají jim vodu z velké žaberní dutiny (projevuje se zduřením na obou stranách hlavy).
Cílem je Sargasové moře v Atlantiku poblíž Bermud. I když se ještě nikdy nechytili úhoři za tření – to je, co dělá úhoří životní cyklus tak záhadný, našli se v této oblasti velmi mladí jedinci v planktonu. Předpokládá se, že se úhoři třou ve velmi hluboké vodě (až ve 400 m). Po vytření dospělí úhoři hynou.
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